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Friday, February 21, 2014
File 1: A file which contains Macro definition to
read a character from keyboard. (give the file name as Read.asm)
INPUT MACRO ;
macro definition
starts, with name of the macro as Input
MOV
AH, 01H ;
Service number
(function no.) to read a character from the
INT
21H ;
Key board using DOS interrupt (21H)
ENDM ;
terminate
the macro definition.
File 2: A file which contains Macro definition to
display a character on the monitor. (give the file name as display.asm)
PRINT MACRO ; macro definition starts, with name of
the macro as Print
MOV
AH, 02H ;
Service number
(function no.) to display a character on
INT
21H ; the
monitor using DOS interrupt (21H)
ENDM ;
terminate
the macro definition.
File 3: A file which include the above 2 files
created, in code segment and contains the macro expansion statements and other
instructions to read string of characters until the carriage return is pressed
and also display the string on the monitor.
(give the file name as 2a.asm)
ASSUME
DS: DATA,
CS: CODE
DATA
SEGMENT ; start of data segment
STR
DB 100 DUP (' '), '$' ; To store input (user entered)
string in array STR
MSG1
DB
'ENTER
A SENTENCE : ‘, '$'
;
store
the message enter a sentence in array
MSG1
MSG2
DB 0DH, 0AH, 'ENTERED SENTENCE
IS: ',
'$' ;
store
the message in array MSG2.
DATA
ENDS ;
End
of data segment
CODE
SEGMENT ; start of code segment
INCLUDE READ.ASM ; including
external file (read.asm)
INCLUDE
DISPLAY.ASM ;
including
external file (display.asm)
START: MOV
AX, DATA
MOV
DS, AX ;
initializing data segment
XOR
AX, AX ; clear AX
register content
MOV
SI, OFFSET STR ;
store the offset
address of memory STR in SI register
MOV
DX, OFFSET MSG1 ; store the offset address of
memory MSG1 in DX
MOV
AH, 09H ;
display the message stored in array memory MSG1
INT 21H ; using service
no.09H, in DOS interrupt (21H)
AGAIN: INPUT ;
invoke
macro (input) to read character from keyboard
CMP
AL, 0DH ;
compare
end of string ie: whether the
entered key is enter key
JE
DISP ; if yes terminate the read process and go to DISP to display
; the
user entered string stored in array STR
on the monitor.
MOV
[SI], AL ; otherwise store
character in array STR.
INC
SI ; increment the STR
memory ptr by one 1 to point
;
to the next memory location (ie: STR+1)
JMP
AGAIN ; go to AGAIN location ,to read the next character from
keyboard DISP
:
MOV AL,0AH
MOV
[SI], AL ; store
the ASCII code 0AH in last memory
location of STR array
MOV
DX, OFFSET MSG2 ; store the offset of memory MSG2 in DX MOV AH, 09H ; display
the message in MSG2 using 09H in DOS
interrupt.
INT 21H
MOV
SI, OFFSET STR ; store offset address of STR in SI
register (memory address
; of 1st location in STR array )
BACK :
MOV
DL, [SI] ; take input string character stored in
STR one by one.
CMP
DL, 0AH ; compare with 0AH, to decide whether
the last
; character of
the sting in STR array is reached.
JE
STOP ; if equal go to STOP, and terminate the program.
PRINT ;
otherwise invoke
PRINT macro to display character
on
;
the output
device (monitor)
INC
SI ; increment the memory
ptr of STR array by one to get the
;
next character from STR array to be displayed on the monitor
JMP
BACK ;
go
to BACK location, to display the
next character on the monitor
STOP :
MOV AH,4CH ; terminate the program
INT 21H
CODE
ENDS ;
end of code segment
END
START ; end of program
Output:
D:\MASM>
Masm 2a.asm;
or (Masm
2a;)
D:\MASM>
Link 2a.obj; (Link
2a;)
D:\MASM>2a.exe
Or
we
can Debug the program using
D:\MASM>
TD 2a.exe
Then press F7
to trace the program (line by line execution) or press F9 to run the program in one operation
ASSUME
DS: DATA,
CS: CODE
DATA
SEGMENT ;
start of data segment
NUM
DW 1234H,5678H,6256H,7321H,8454H ; 5 elements
stored in array NUM
COUNT
DW 05H ;
Total
number of elements stored in array (n)
KEY
DW 3456H ;
key element to be searched
MSG1 DB 10, 13, 'KEY
FOUND', '$' ;
message to be displayed on the screen
MSG2 DB 10, 13, 'KEY NOT FOUND', '$'
DATA
ENDS ; end of data
segment
CODE SEGMENT ;
start
of code segment
START: MOV
AX, DATA
MOV
DS, AX ; initializing
data segment
XOR
AX, AX ; clear
AX register contents to store
the mid value
MOV
BX, 1 ; Initialize BX =
1 (Low value)
MOV
DX, COUNT ; Store high value
in DX register (here n=5)
MOV
CX, KEY ; CX contains
value to be searched.
AGAIN: CMP BX, DX ; compare low and
high value
JA
NOTFOUND ; if low value > high value then display key not found
MOV
AX, BX ; AX contains low
value
ADD
AX, DX ; add low and
high value
SHR AX, 1 ; Divide by 2 to
find mid value
MOV
SI, AX ; move mid value
to SI
DEC SI ; decrement SI
ADD SI, SI ; add SI and SI to find the actual mid position of array
CMP
CX, NUM[SI] ;
compare Key
element and middle element of array
JE FOUND ; if equal,
display key has found.
JA
ABOVE ;
if key element is greater than middle element of
;
array,
then
jump to ABOVE
location, to search
;
element from mid to high end side
DEC
AX ; mid mid - 1
MOV DX, AX ; high
mid
JMP
AGAIN ;
jump
to AGAIN, to compare next element
ABOVE: INC
AX ;
mid mid + 1
MOV
BX, AX ; low mid
JMP AGAIN ; jump to AGAIN to compare next
element.
FOUND: MOV
DX, OFFSET MSG1 ; if found print message MSG1,
whose
offset is in DX
MOV
AH, 09H ; using 09H
service no. with DOS 21H intrpt.
INT
21H
JMP
STOP ;
jump
to stop and terminate
NOTFOUND: MOV DX, OFFSET MSG2 ; if
not found print message MSG2
MOV AH, 09H ; using 09H
service no. with DOS 21H intrpt.
INT 21H
INT 21H
CODE
ENDS ; end of code segment
END
START ;
end of program
Output:
Sample
input : 3456H
Sample
input : 1456H (Change the key
element used in the program and save it)
D:\MASM>
Masm 1a.asm;
D:\MASM>
Link 1a.obj;
D:\MASM>
1a.exe
KEY NOT FOUND
Or
we
can Debug the program using
D:\MASM>
TD 1a.exe
Then
press F7 to trace the program (line
by line execution) or press F9 to
run the program in one operation.
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